The history-taking guides start with open-ended questions that let the patient tell their story. After that, focused questions cover the details (onset, course, relieving and aggravating factors, associated symptoms). Starting with yes/no questions, interrupting early, or holding back non-verbal encouragement all close down the patient's narrative, which goes against patient-centred communication. Note: the sources have no dedicated communication-skills lecture. This is backed by the history-taking guides.